The Pacesetter Frontier Magazine

Category: Fashion

This is an optional category description

  • The Myth of Saturation in the Fashion World: Too Many Clothes, Minimum Creativity

    The Myth of Saturation in the Fashion World: Too Many Clothes, Minimum Creativity

    By Chidinma Prisca Elebe

    From the runways to buzzing local markets, fashion is everywhere. It moves across cultures, adapts to time, and constantly reinvents itself. Today, social media has made fashion more accessible than ever. Anyone anywhere can launch a brand, showcase designs, and reach a global audience from the comfort of their homes, leading to the question, “Is the fashion industry saturated”? At first glance, it certainly feels that way but the reality is more layered and far more interesting.

    A Crowded Stage, Not a Closed One

    Globally, fashion has never been more accessible than it is now. Fast fashion brands release new collections almost weekly. Influencers shape trends overnight. Digital platforms have lowered the barrier to entry, allowing thousands of new designers and brands to emerge each year.

    The whole thing feels overwhelming, like every idea has already been explored but the truth is that the industry is not necessarily saturated but rather highly populated. A crowded space does not translate a closed one. It simply means that standing out requires more effort, intention, clarity, and originality.

    The Real Issue: Repetition, Not Saturation
    Across the world, many brands look alike because they keep dishing out similar patterns, silhouettes, styles, fabrics and marketing strategies.

    This repetition cycle creates the illusion of saturation. When multiple brands offer the same thing in the same way, the market feels full, even when it is not.

    Fashion, at its core, thrives on difference. When difference disappears, the industry feels stagnant.

    Fashion as Expression: Why It Can’t Truly Be Saturated

    Fashion is identity, culture, and self-expression; therefore, it is beyond clothing. As long as people are different, fashion will continue to evolve.

    A minimalist designer in Tokyo, a streetwear creative in New York, and a textile innovator in Nigeria are all telling different stories. Each perspective brings something fresh. This is why fashion can never truly be saturated. It grows with human creativity and cultural diversity.

    A Nigerian Lens: Energy, Culture, and Opportunity

    Bringing it closer to home, Nigeria reflects this global dynamic in its own way. Yes, the fashion scene seems quite too busy. Markets are filled with ready-to-wear pieces, social media is saturated with fashion vendors, and trends spread quickly but beneath that surface lies untapped potential.

    Far from being saturated, Nigeria’s fashion industry is expanding, it is a growing ecosystem. Weddings are becoming more elaborate, fashion is taking center stage at social events, and young creatives are redefining style daily.

    As a people, our strength lies in; rich cultural heritage, diverse textiles and craftsmanship, vibrant youth population and growing global influence.

    From Akwete to Adire, Aso-Oke to lace, Abada and Ankara to Northern embroidery, the Nigerian fashion is deeply rooted in storytelling and untapped ideas. The possibilities are endless.

    What Makes a Brand Stand Out Today

    Whether globally or locally, the brands that rise above the noise share a few defining qualities:
    i. Clarity – They know exactly who they are
    ii. Authenticity – Their work reflects real stories and values
    iii. Consistency – Their style is recognizable
    iv. Connection – They resonate with a specific audience

    Fashion is deeply personal. People are not just buying clothes, they are buying identity, confidence, and experience.

    The Shift from Craft to Concept

    Being skilled is no longer enough. The modern fashion industry demands more than technical ability. It requires Vision, Storytelling, Cultural awareness and Innovation

    A designer today is not just a creator of clothes, they curate identity.

    The Trap of Following Trends

    One of the biggest challenges in the industry is the pressure to follow trends.

    Everyone is making corset dresses, oversized kaftans (boubous) or recreating viral styles. The reality is that trends may bring attention, but legacy is built on originality.

    The designers/ brands that stand out are those who are not afraid to ask: What can I do differently?

    In conclusion, the fashion industry is not saturated but competitive, fast-moving, demanding, and selective. It rewards originality, makes space for authenticity and fosters creativity.

    Whether you are a designer, stylist, fashion writer, or simply someone who loves style, the industry still has space but not for imitation/ repetition. The space available is for fresh perspectives, new cultural depths and daring creativity.

  • Homecoming Fashion: The Igbo “December Returnee” Aesthetic

    Homecoming Fashion: The Igbo “December Returnee” Aesthetic

    By Chidinma Prisca Elebe

    Homecoming season returns once again with the annual arrival into the East of Igbo sons and daughters from across Nigerian cities and the diaspora. Alongside music, family reunions, and festive gatherings thrives another dearly loved tradition: the December Returnee Aesthetic, a fashion and lifestyle culture that morphs communities into runways alive with heritage and modern expression.

    Igbo homecoming fashion is more than just clothes; it’s an identity statement. Every piece of attire tells a story of roots, pride, and belonging. A reflection of people who have grown, moved, and evolved but still manage to take their culture with them wherever they are. Every December, that culture is brought home in color, fabric, and quiet confidence.

    This fashion is not about getting noticed; this is about cultural reconnection. Attires connecting the rapid rhythm of life with history. This is a deliberate look that is bold yet deferential, rich yet cultural, up-to-date yet firmly grounded. It could be stylish senator attire at the airport or formally tailored Isiagu for a kinsmen’s gathering or attending weddings in Akwete or Abada or George, it is a statement that says success with allegiance.

    Classic Apparel that Defines the Season and the Igbo culture

    Isiagu: The Royal Standard

    Few textiles speak of Igbo identity as loudly as Ìsìagu. Traditionally donned by titled men and characterized by tiger or lion head motifs, Ìsìagu has evolved into a fashion staple to be enjoyed by all sexes worn as shirts, kaftans, blazers, and women’s dresses. It is styled with coral beads, red or embroidery caps. Ìsìagu still remains one of the mainstays of Igbo fashion and pride.

    The Wrapper & Blouse culture

    December celebrations are incomplete without coordinated wrappers especially amongst the women such as George, Abada (also known as Ankara), or lace tied boldly around the waist or draped elegantly over one shoulder. These are paired with matching head-scarves (ichafu), silk tops, beaded bustiers, corsets or lace blouses. This is worn at wedding ceremonies, Ofala festivals, and church thanksgiving services. These are noble, ceremonial, and timeless pieces.

    Akwete: Heritage as Luxury

    A growing number of young Igbo women and the designers are embracing Akwete, the centuries-old handwoven fabric from Abia State. It can be styled as skirts, wrappers, gowns, and agbada-inspired pieces for men. Akwete is tradition woven into contemporary fashion; it represents heritage reimagined.

    Modern Interpretations for the New Generation Returnee

    FABRICS

    Younger returnees blend indigenous fabrics with new-fashioned cuts such as mini dresses with Akwete fabric patterns, bomber jackets with Isiagu prints, lace skirts with satin or corset tops, provocative kaftans with senator wear, Abada jackets worn with matching or neutral-colored trousers, hand-beaded handbags with minimalist wear, among others. Such reinterpretations indicate that Igbo fashion is versatile, firmly grounded but infused with creativity.

    ACCESSORIES: Accessories are important to Igbo style.

    Coral beads indicate royalty or heritage, that can be worn as necklaces, bracelets, anklelets, or handbag accessories.

    Head gear: Red caps denote seniority which is significantly used by titled men, but now, young men mingle with either embroidered or beaded caps. While women tie scarves called ichafu isi to match or contract their attires beautifully.

    Other accessories include ofor, staff (mkpara) beaded fans, sequined clutches, or raffia handbags provide texture contrast, with shoes running from loafers to decorated heels.

    Fashion is one of the facets of the Igbo home-coming event. Weddings are attended that are basically showcases of fashion, visits with family that occur either in formally or casually worn traditional attire, masquerade festivals, church services with coordinated attire, photo shoots in villages or urban areas, and cultural ceremonies like Ofala, Iwa Ji, Igbankwu, or title- taking ceremonies. These elements combine to consistently reinforce the idea of “belonging” through style that pays homage to their ancestors, celebrates their current reality, and looks hopefully towards the future. This “December fashion” is one way through which their culture is maintained despite the various changes taking place in the world.

    The fashion of the returnees is more than just that of style, it is a ritual of heritage, of resilience, of creativity, of pride and of home. Each wear is a narrative, each accessory a statement of identity that is celebrated through renewed elegance in their return each year in December.

  • Fashion Is Politics In Disguise And Everyone Is Wearing It

    Fashion Is Politics In Disguise And Everyone Is Wearing It

    By Chidinma Prisca Elebe

    Fashion doesn’t need to hold a press conference or pass a law to make a statement. It shows up on the street, in the courtroom, at the protest and it speaks louder than words. Whether it’s a sharp suit or a slogan tee, clothing is never just clothing. It’s a statement, a strategy, or even a rebellion with a zipper.

    THE AISLES OF A POLITICAL CLOSET

    ⮚Costumes of Power and Authority

    What do judges, military generals, and religious leaders have in common? Uniforms! They wear authority. These regalia are not just pieces of clothing; they are symbolic armor, commanding respect and obedience. They are designed to silence you up before you even ask “am I in trouble?”

    Power loves and wears a well put together outfit. From royal robes to bureaucratic blazers, clothes have long been used to command respect, impose hierarchy, and say “I’m in charge” without vocalizing it. Even elected officials wear carefully curated outfits to look just enough to seem trustworthy. When power walks into a room, it’s usually wearing something heavy with history.

    ⮚Protest has a wardrobe

    Power wears uniforms. Protest wears style. It struts, poses, dares and demands to be seen. Moreso, movements like End SARS, End bad governance, and activisms have leveraged fashion through slogan T-shirts or an all-black attire to express dissent.

    In today’s world, a woman refusing to wear a hijab in certain places, or insisting on wearing one in another place makes a statement louder than any chant.

    Sometimes the most radical thing you can do is dress up.

    ⮚Your Body, Their Rules

    The politics of clothing is basically the politics of the body. Who is allowed to show skin? Who is punished for doing so? Who is invisible no matter what they wear?

    Debates around dress codes, particularly for women, are deeply political. Dress codes in schools, workplaces, and parliaments are rarely neutral. Terms like “professional,” “appropriate,” or “decent” often mask broader ideological biases such as sexist, racist, or classist. In these moments, the body is not a canvas but a battleground. The fight is not for fabric, but for autonomy.

    Fashion may express freedom, but dress codes decide who gets to speak.

    ⮚Culture not Costume 

    Culture isn’t just style, it is history, survival and identity that when stripped of context and sold for trend, becomes costume making what was once sacred simply aesthetic and what was once survival, a theme.

    Wearing something from another culture is not automatically wrong but when a designer profits from Indigenous designs without crediting or collaborating with the communities behind them, it becomes exploitation with a price tag not an inspiration or homage. The line between appreciation and appropriation is thin. When culture is shared with consent, credit, and care, it moves from costume to art which shows respectful exchange that empowers and elevates.

    Cultural pieces are not just fashion seen on runways; it transcends to trade policies, labor laws, and environmental practices shaping what we wear and who pays the price. At the same time, designers from the diasporic communities are reclaiming their narratives redefining what “high fashion” looks like on their own terms.

    ⮚Dressing Up, Waking Up

    Every outfit says something. Even “I don’t care” has a look. Apathy has a silhouette and neutrality has a color palette. You don’t need to be rich, famous, or a policy nerd to engage in politics. Just open your closet and you can see for yourself.

    If anyone ever says “fashion isn’t political,” simply ask, “then why has it started revolutions, enforced laws and been regulated by the government?”

    Fashion doesn’t need your vote. It casts its own.

    Epilogue: Wear What You Mean

    Fashion won’t save the world but it reflects and sometimes changes it. All it takes sometimes is a garment worn boldly, subversively, truthfully. One outfit can say: I resist, I reclaim, I belong. In essence, dress like it matters because it does.

    Clothing doesn’t just cover us, it communicates power, revolt, and possibility.

  • AKWETE: The Thread of Heritage

    AKWETE: The Thread of Heritage

    AKWETE: The Thread of Heritage

    …A Story of Craft, Culture, and Contemporary Elegance from Abia State, Nigeria

    By Chidinma Prisca Elebe

    Akwete fabric is an iconic, beautifully, hand-woven textile named after the town of Akwete in Ukwa East Local Government Area of Abia State, Nigeria. Originally, it was made using raffia fibers only before evolving to incorporate the use of cotton, wool, rayon and silk threads which results in a textile that is durable, rich in texture, and vibrant.

    It is traditionally woven using vertical or horizontal looms on a shuttle. Compared to mass-produced printed fabrics like Ankara, Akwete is woven one thread at a time, resulting in a durable, richly textured, and deeply symbolic cloth that often tells a story.

    Akwete is not just a fabric. It is heritage in threads woven with meaning, adorned with identity, and passed through generations. Unlike many other traditional crafts, Akwete weaving has always historically been dominated by women. This textile is gaining ground online through Nigerian fashion designers, cultural entrepreneurs, and textile exporters but Akwete has been in existence since the 14th or 15th century and has since been passed down through generations of Ngwa women which is sustained through oral traditions and mother-to-daughter apprenticeship, making Akwete weaving not just a craft, but a rite of passage and a vital part of economic empowerment for women.

    Akwete was originally created for chiefs, warriors, and royalty. As a matrilineal skill, weaving empowers women economically and socially within their communities. At its peak, Akwete cloth was so valuable that neighboring traders and raiders sought it as a prized item for exchange and gifting, making it a valuable item for trade and cultural diplomacy.

    UNIQUE FEATURES OF AKWETE

    Geometric and symbolic motifs (each bearing cultural meaning)

    Bold, bright colors – deep reds, greens, blues, yellows, and ivory

    Reversible quality – both sides of the fabric can be worn

    Textured strength – similar to Yoruba Aso-Oke in feel, but distinctly Igbo in design

    Handmade uniqueness – no two pieces are exactly alike

    SYMBOLISM & CULTURAL SIGNIFICANCE

    Each Akwete fabric is a personal canvas of the weaver, with designs often improvised or passed down through lineage. Akwete is more than fashion—it’s a visual language.

    Patterns may represent:

    Leopard’s Paw – leadership, power

    Water Waves – peace, continuity, wealth

    Rope Motif – unity, community

    Nsibidi Script ✍ – symbolic writing of the pre-colonial Igbo elite

    Through these motifs, Akwete fabric becomes a woven archive of Igbo history and philosophy.

    USAGE

    • Traditional Usage

    Akwete plays a central role in Igbo cultural life; it can be used during:

    Chieftaincy title taking: Often draped over leaders and elders

    Traditional weddings: Worn by mothers of the bride or cultural dancers

    Funerals and ancestral rites: A sign of respect and status

    Festivals: Featured during New Yam festivals, Ofala, and other Igbo events

    Church and community gatherings: Especially by women’s groups

    It is also used to wrap sacred items, cover altars, and decorate shrines or thrones in traditional institutions.

    • Modern Usage & Global Fashion

    Today, Akwete fabric is making waves in:

    High fashion: Emmy Kasbit and other designers have featured Akwete in Paris and Lagos Fashion Weeks

    Ready-to-wear: Blazers, jumpsuits, kaftans, bags, and even sneakers

    Interior design: Used as upholstery, cushion covers, and decor

    Afro-diaspora styling: Popular among Black communities in the U.S., UK, and Caribbean.

    AVAILABILITY TO THE PUBLIC

    Akwete fabric is accessible and procurable today through local markets (in Akwete town, Aba, Enugu, Umuahia); women’s cooperatives and cultural centers in Abia; online vendors and fashion designers on Instagram, Etsy, or Nigerian e-commerce platforms; cultural fairs; trade shows; and fashion expos.

    Prices vary by size and length of the cloth, thread type used (cotton vs. silk or metallic thread), complexity and number of motifs.

    CHALLENGES & PRESERVATION NEEDS

    Despite its beauty and heritage, Akwete weaving faces serious barrage of challenges such as:

    Aging population of weavers – fewer young people are learning the craft

    Lack of modern weaving tools – looms are still basic and labor-intensive

    Cheap imported textiles – mass-produced prints overshadow handmade fabrics

    Minimal government support – no significant subsidy or promotion at national level

    OPPORTUNITIES FOR REVIVAL

    Akwete has the potential to be a national and international textile icon. Here’s how:

    Fashion schools should incorporate Akwete into their design curriculum

    Apprenticeship and mentorship programs to train the next generation

    Collaborations between local weavers and fashion houses

    Export programs targeting the African diaspora and global art lovers

    Digital promotion through storytelling, influencer marketing, and documentaries

    Akwete is not just a cloth, it is a cultural statement woven in color, strength, and memory that reflects the dignity of Igbo womanhood, the skill of indigenous craftsmanship, and the timelessness of African identity, which should be preserved, worn, promoted and passed down to generations unborn.

    “In every thread of Akwete, there’s a grandmother’s lesson, a community’s pride, and a legacy of craftsmanship.”

  • How to Build a Capsule Wardrobe on a Budget – Minimalist yet Stylish 

    How to Build a Capsule Wardrobe on a Budget – Minimalist yet Stylish 

    By Chidinma Prisca Elebe 

    A capsule wardrobe is a minimalist collection of versatile clothing pieces that can be easily mixed and matched to create various outfits, promoting sustainability, practicality, and style while saving time and money. The growing popularity of capsule wardrobes is a response to the clutter caused by fast fashion, and building one is a personal journey that requires careful planning and reflection on individual style and lifestyle needs.

    Here’s how to create a budget-friendly capsule wardrobe that reflects your individual style.

    Step 1: Identify Your Personal Style and Lifestyle Requirements

    Before you start shopping, take some time to evaluate your personal style and daily activities. Ask yourself:

    – What colors and styles do I prefer?

    – What types of occasions do I need outfits for (work, casual outings, special events)?

    – What fabrics and fits make me feel comfortable and confident?

    – Can each piece be paired with multiple items in my wardrobe?

    – Is it easy to care for?

    Step 2: Declutter and Assess Your Current Wardrobe

    A budget-friendly capsule wardrobe starts with what you already have. Begin by sorting through your closet and categorizing your items into:

    – Keep: Pieces you love, wear often, and that fit well.

    – Donate or Sell: Items that no longer match your style or preferences.

    – Repurpose: Clothing that can be tailored or styled in different ways to fit your new wardrobe.

    Step 3: Determine Essential Wardrobe Items

    A well-constructed capsule wardrobe generally includes key, high-quality items that can be styled in multiple ways across different seasons. Here are some essentials to consider:

    a. Tops: This selection should feature a classic button-up shirt, a neutral blouse, a versatile sweater or cardigan, and basic white and black T-shirts.

    b. Bottoms: Include a pair of well-fitting jeans (either blue or black), tailored trousers, and a classic skirt (pencil or A-line).

    c. Outerwear: A fitted blazer, a lightweight jacket (denim or leather), and a warm, neutral coat for colder weather.

    d. Dresses: A little black dress and a casual day dress.

    e. Footwear: Comfortable sneakers, a versatile pair of flats, and a classic pair of heels or ankle boots.

    f. Accessories: A quality handbag in a neutral color, minimalist jewelry, and a belt to add definition to outfits.

    Step 4: Shop Wisely and Stick to a Budget

    Avoid the temptation to buy items you want but don’t need. To shop effectively, practice self-discipline and look for quality items that fit your budget while following your list of wardrobe essentials. Here are some cost-saving strategies:

    – Thrift Stores and Secondhand Shops: You can find many high-quality pieces at thrift stores, consignment shops, or online resale sites if you have a keen eye and a sense of style.

    – Seasonal Sales and Discounts: Take advantage of end-of-season sales, clearance sections, and discount retailers for great bargains.

    – Invest in Versatile Items: Opt for neutral colors and timeless designs that can be easily mixed and matched. Look for pieces that are durable and adaptable to various seasons and weather conditions, regardless of your location.

    Step 5: Mix, Match, and Style Creatively

    A capsule wardrobe doesn’t have to result in dull outfits. Play around with layering, accessorizing, and different styling methods to keep your looks lively and interesting. Here are some useful styling tips:

    – Layer shirts under sweaters or blazers for a refined look.

    – Combine casual and formal items to achieve a stylish balance.

    – Experiment with scarves, jewelry, and handbags to add a personal touch to your style.

    Step 6: Keep Your Wardrobe Updated Over Time

    Creating a capsule wardrobe on a budget is all about intentional shopping, versatility, and sustainability. By focusing on high-quality essentials and smart shopping strategies, you can build a minimalist yet stylish wardrobe that saves you money, reduces clutter, and enhances your personal style. With the right approach, you’ll never have to say, “I have nothing to wear” again!

    For reference on how to accessorize, mix and match outfits, check out some of our previous articles.

    https://pacesetterfrontier.com/post/1854/how-to-accessorize-your-outfi

    https://pacesetterfrontier.com/post/10862/how-to-mix-and-match-colours

     

  • BODY TYPE: The Female Guide 

    BODY TYPE: The Female Guide 

    My screenshot photos take up over 55% of my gallery and storage space but deep down I know most of those style inspirations may never come to limelight for me because I do not have the same type of body as the model. As someone who has been several sizes at different points in my life, I can tell you that how you are built (body shape) can make you either feel great about yourself always or mess up your confidence every time you dress up.

    As women, our body shape comes mostly from out skeletal frame work, genetic makeup, hormones and daily lifestyle. This also is determined by fat deposition and muscle distribution in our bodies. 

    We can agree that our personalities, qualities and the skills we possess can give us some level of confidence boost likewise our body structure. Most ladies feel that the “next” lady has a better shape thereby wishing to look like “her” because her body type may seem more flattering and probably easier to work with when choosing an outfit than the one we have. Truly, a lot of us are guilty of this feeling but it should not be entertained because it can make you feel down for no just cause, therefore it should be discouraged.  Coming from someone who has faced similar challenges, I am taking the liberty to let you know that whatever body type you have, you can still wear fashionable outfits and make heads turn. 

    One of the best ways to achieve this is to highlight your best features and this can be achieved by understanding your body type. To determine this, you’d need your shoulders, waist and hips measurements. Please note that a person may have a mix of more than one of the 5 categories listed in this article and it is also okay not to belong into these categories as well. 

    BODY SHAPES AND THE BEST FIT FOR EACH

    1. The rectangle shape: This body type is also referred to as athletic body shape. It is not particularly curvy and the waistline is barely defined; the bust area may look small while the hips and shoulders may have similar inches. Body weight is fairly and evenly distributed throughout your body. The best fit for this body type will involve creating illusion around the midsection of the body. Fits like high-waist trousers, belted tops, dresses and jackets with soft fabrics can help make you look lovely. Always bear in mind that many kinds of pants are suitable for this body type and belts go a long way to define your waistline.
    2. The inverted triangle: The shoulders and the bust areas are wider while the hips are smaller. An a-line skirts/ dresses, wide-leg pants, boyfriend jeans and simple tops without exaggerated necklines can do the magic for you.
    3. The apple shaped: This category of women seem to have an average bust size, no accentuated waistline; the stomach area seems bigger because that’s where the fat settles more. Your shoulders are broader than your hips and you are not necessarily curvy around your hips. Choose outfits take away attention from your shoulders; your outfits should be tailored to fit but not sheath-like. Straight leg jeans lose tops and pencil skirts are good picks.
    4. The pear shape: This is characterized with smaller/narrower shoulders, wider hips/fuller buttocks and thick thighs because that’s where most of the fat settles. For this type of body, you should concentrate on drawing attention to your upper body by wearing brighter prints and colors while throwing on darker colors for your bottom half. Wider necklines and layered tops can make your shoulders look broader. 
    5. The hourglass: This type of body shape has a well-defined waistline; the midsection of the body is obviously narrow. The hips and bust are similar/roughly even. This body type may be characterized by fuller hips, bust and thighs. For this body type, avoid clothes that are loosely fitted around the waist and also choose pants with angled pockets.

    Note that these are not laid down rules but simply a guideline to help you navigate your choice of outfits. Also bear in mind that trends change rapidly.

  • MODEST FASHION

    MODEST FASHION

    Modest fashion is a style of dressing characterized by clothing that conforms to cultural, religious, or personal preferences for reticence. Conservative dressing has to do with fashion requirements where clothes are less revealing in ways that satisfies ones spiritual and stylish needs. However, modest fashion has evolved over time and is not limited to any particular religion or culture. It has become a global trend that caters to individuals who prefer clothing that covers the body more modestly, regardless of their background.

    In this era where many people have decided to throw caution to the wind while embracing nudity and outfits that can barely cover up our bodies, there is a need to talk about what we wear these days. The fashion trend has become something else as if we are moving back to the Stone Age where only a few leather skins and leaves were used to try covering up sensitive body parts or so I think. A lot of us are guilty of this in one way or another; either by cheering on those who walk around half clad or wearing indecent pieces ourselves. All of a sudden we no longer see modesty as something attractive and admirable; our moral standards have suddenly become nonexistent. This can be attributed to the current fashion and social media trends of showing way too much skin  and putting on high exposure clothes while people are always quick to say “my body my choice” when you point out the ills of what they are wearing mostly in public places.

    Two months ago, I was sitting somewhere nice soaking in the scenery and aesthetics when this lady walked in with her man; to the heavens she was beautiful, fully covered up and all I could see were her face, fingers and toes peeking out underneath her flowing garment. For some reason, she had all eyes on her not because she looked out of place but because she looked so gracious in her attire. Simplicity most times is elegant and stylish. It can give you some level of comfort and also boost your confidence. Minimalist fashion should actually be a thing as it can show the wearer’s personality, style and spiritual standing sometimes.

    On social media these days, there is a trend of sharing get ready with me (GRWM) videos and we see people starting from their under wears! Like where exactly do we draw the line? When one say anything contrary to what they are doing, such person will come under fire and scrutiny for daring to be different; maybe in the nearest future, GRWM will start in the bathroom with full videos phew!

    If we are indifferent or fully on the side of wearing whatever you want anytime, anywhere, any day, why then do we choose certain outfits for certain events or places or while visiting certain people? Does it mean our rights have been suddenly stripped off or is it all selective activism and ‘wokeness’? I am not saying wear a suit to the pool or gym, but you can still wear things that keep your privates where they belong (away from the eyes) and still enjoy your outdoor activities.

    I have always liked standing out from the crowd especially for the right reasons and like the saying goes, ‘dress how you’d like to be addressed’. 

    There is a lady on Instagram that caught my attention about two years ago and it was surprising when I  discovered that she was a onetime beauty queen but somehow her choice of outfit makes her stand out which makes me admire her so much due to her level of decency and conservative looks.  

    Here are a few features about conservative fashion and they may include longer hemlines, sleeves, higher necklines, and looser fits. The aim is to provide stylish and elegant clothing options while adhering to principles of modesty and propriety. Modest fashion is not about restricting personal style but rather embracing a more conservative approach to dressing. The movement has gained popularity in the fashion industry, leading to the creation of specialized brands and fashion events focused on modest attire. Many mainstream fashion designers and retailers now offer modest fashion lines, recognizing the diversity of consumer preferences and the demand for clothing that respects different cultural and religious values. Modest fashion has become a powerful expression of personal identity while also blending style with cultural or religious values. It has contributed to the diversification of fashion, promoting inclusivity and acceptance of various dressing styles. 

    Here are some key aspects of modest fashion:

    1. Cultural and Religious Diversity: Modest fashion has roots in various cultures and religions that emphasize the importance of modesty and minimalist fashion such as Islamic fashion, Jewish and Christian modest dressing principles etc. These cultures and religious groups may have specific guidelines such as covering specific body parts, wearing certain lengths of sleeves or skirts, choosing non-revealing necklines and even choice of fabric.
    2. Global Appeal: There is a widespread of modest fashion and global acceptance and it is not restricted to a race, caste or religion. Modest fashion influencers and designers from diverse cultures play a huge role in its visibility and acceptance worldwide.
    3. Fashion Industry Integration: The fashion industry has recognized the demand for modest fashion, leading to the creation of dedicated lines by both mainstream and local designers. Events such as fashion weeks and runway shows, have sprung up to showcase the latest trends in modest clothing and in the same vein giving visibility to designers and brands catering to this market.
    4. Style and Creativity: Modest fashion does not mean sacrificing style or creativity. Designers and individuals within the modest fashion movement prioritize fashionable, elegant, and trendy clothing that adheres to modesty guidelines while incorporating a wide range of styles from casual and every day wear to formal and special occasion attire.
    5. Inclusivity and Empowerment: The modest fashion movement promotes inclusivity by acknowledging and celebrating diverse perspectives on modesty. It also empowers individuals to express their identity through clothing without compromising their cultural or religious values, fostering a sense of confidence and self-expression.
    6. Online Presence: Social media platforms and online communities play a crucial role in the visibility and growth of modest fashion. Influencers and bloggers share their styling tips, outfit ideas, and experiences, creating a supportive and inclusive online environment.

    In summary, modest fashion is a dynamic and inclusive movement that goes beyond religious and cultural boundaries. It represents a global shift towards embracing diverse styles that prioritize modesty while celebrating creativity and personal expression.

    Decency is still endearing and regal and modest fashion is as old as time/ existence.

  • Fashion and Technology – Where Tech Meets Fashion

    Fashion and Technology – Where Tech Meets Fashion

    By Chidinma Prisca Elebe 

    The fusion of fashion and technology, often referred to as ‘fashion technology,’ has proven to be a resounding success, exemplifying their harmonious partnership in the realm of science and technology. Considering that technology has revolutionized various facets of our lives, from healthcare to education to transportation and security, it is only natural to expect it to bring enhancements to the field of fashion as well. 

    Fashion design used to be a labor-intensive and time-consuming process. It demanded arduous and hard-handed efforts from humans. However, in the present day, fashion has experienced significant advancements due to the integration of technology within the industry.

    Numerous startups have harnessed this transformative trend, resulting in a significant expansion of the fashion landscape. Technology has played a pivotal role in multiple facets of the fashion industry, encompassing manufacturing, material sourcing, design, retail, and transportation.

    This article was inspired by the fact that the term “tech’ in Nigeria, often implies a focus on data science and analytics while our peers in the industry have established an entire value chain centered around fashion technology, thereby creating abundant opportunities for individuals who possess these requisite skills. Here are some key aspects of the intersection between fashion and technology:

    DESIGN/ CREATIVITY

    • Smart fabrics/wearable technology: One prominent intersection of fashion and technology lies in the realm of smart textiles, where fabrics are engineered to possess specific functionalities such as temperature regulation and vital sign monitoring or change color based on various factors. Notably, Apple has introduced stylish and innovative wearable technology that has garnered widespread global acclaim for its life-enhancing features. The applications of smart textiles are diverse, ranging from biometric-tracking sportswear to medical garments that monitor patients’ well-being. Additionally, wearable technology has become a leading trend in the fashion industry, with smart watches and fitness trackers becoming almost ubiquitous. Furthermore, designers are actively exploring novel approaches to infuse technology into clothing and accessories, exemplified by experiments with LED lighting and 3D printing to craft cutting-edge and futuristic fashion pieces. These devices not only serve functional purposes but also incorporate fashion elements to make them more appealing to consumers.
    • 3D Printing: 3D printing technology has been used to create unique and customizable fashion items, including clothing, accessories, and even shoes. It allows designers to experiment with intricate and unconventional designs.
    • Virtual and Augmented Reality: Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) have been used for virtual fashion showrooms, allowing customers to try on clothes virtually and experience fashion in new ways.

     

    SPEED AND EFFICIENCY 

    The era of laborious and slow-paced fashion design is now an old tale. Technology has wholesomely empowered the fashion sector to achieve greater speed and efficiency across the entire spectrum, covering design, production, and distribution. For instance, automated cutting machines and robotic sewing systems excel in delivering garments with swifter and more consistent results compared to conventional methods. CAD software, 3D printing, and automation have collectively paved the way for a streamlined design and manufacturing process.

    SUSTAINABILITY

    Cutting-edge technologies have enabled the creation of eco-friendly garments by incorporating recycled materials and minimizing waste. For instance, digital printing methods reduce water consumption and waste when contrasted with traditional dyeing processes and 3D printing also facilitates the design of garments with minimal fabric wastage.

    1. Customization: Technology has enabled the mass production of customized apparel. Progress in 3D printing and computerized knitting has paved the way for the creation of tailored garments featuring distinctive designs, fits, and color schemes. Furthermore, 3D rendering software empowers designers to generate digital prototypes of clothing, offering a preview of what the outfit may look like and how it would fit before it is physically produced. This not only minimizes waste but also saves time and costs.
    2. Online Retail: The ascent of e-commerce has revolutionized the fashion shopping experience for consumers. Online shopping has simplified the process of browsing and acquiring products, offering convenience and accessibility at any hour from anywhere. Simultaneously, it has empowered fashion brands to broaden their reach and enhance the efficiency of product sales. Online platforms serve as valuable marketplaces, affording designers a direct avenue to present their creations to consumers. 
    3. Social Media and Influencers: Social media platforms like Instagram and TikTok have become instrumental in shaping fashion trends and promoting brands. Influencers play a crucial role in endorsing products and styles causing producers/designers to leverage on influencer marketing and user-generated content to build brand awareness and connect with consumers.

     

    ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI)

    • Supply Chain Management: Software and data analytics help manage the supply chain, making it more efficient, transparent, and responsive to demand. It is also used to better understand consumer preferences and trends, optimize inventory management, and offer personalized shopping experiences.
    • Block-chain: This enhances authentication and transparency in the fashion supply chain, particularly in the luxury sector, to authenticate products and combat counterfeiting.
    • Robotics and Automation: Automation is being used in clothing manufacturing, particularly for repetitive and labor-intensive tasks. Robots are helping to increase efficiency and reduce production costs.
    • Biometrics and Personalization: Some brands are experimenting with biometric data to create custom-fit clothing and offer personalized fashion recommendations.
    • AI Styling Assistants: AI-powered styling assistants can recommend complete outfits based on individual preferences, helping customers put together stylish ensembles.
    • AR Beauty and Makeup Try-On: In addition to clothing, augmented reality is used for virtual beauty try-on experiences, allowing customers to experiment with makeup and cosmetics virtually.
    • Fashion Forecasting: AI and data analysis are used to predict fashion trends, which helps designers and retailers stay ahead of consumer preferences.
    • Fashion Accessibility: Technology plays a crucial role in making fashion more accessible to individuals with disabilities, with innovations like adaptive clothing and inclusive design.
    • Fashion Tech Events: Various events and conferences, such as the Met Gala and CES (Consumer Electronics Show), showcase the latest fashion-tech collaborations and innovations.

    THE DOWNSIDE OF TECHNOLOGY IN THE FASHION WORLD

    1. Overproduction and Fast Fashion: Technology accelerates production, leading to overproduction and the rise of fast fashion, causing environmental and labor exploitation issues.
    2. Environmental Impact: Despite enabling sustainable practices, technology can contribute to environmental problems, especially in the production of electronic textiles.
    3. Privacy Concerns and Security Risks: E-commerce platforms and databases can be vulnerable to data breaches, risking sensitive customer information. Collecting customer data for personalized marketing raises privacy concerns about data collection by fashion brands and tech companies.
    4. Counterfeiting: While technology helps authenticate products, it can also be used by counterfeiters to produce convincing fake fashion items.
    5. Digital Divide: Not everyone has equal access to technology, leading to disparities in fashion trends and e-commerce access.
    6. Dependency on Trends: Rapid trend changes driven by technology can pressure consumers to constantly update their wardrobes, contributing to disposable fashion.
    7. Digital Fatigue: Constant exposure to fashion content online can lead to digital fatigue and body image dissatisfaction, impacting mental health.

    The fashion industry continues to evolve, driven by technological advancements and changing consumer preferences. As technology continues to advance, we can expect even more exciting developments in the world of fashion and technology. While technology offers solutions and has brought numerous advantages to the fashion industry, it also poses ethical, environmental, and societal challenges. Fashion brands and tech companies must address these issues for a more sustainable and inclusive fashion-tech ecosystem.

  • E-Business in Nigeria (What is obtainable)

    E-Business in Nigeria (What is obtainable)

    By Chidinma Prisca Elebe

    The latest trend in commerce is the ability to do business online. Online business commonly known as e-commerce has revolutionized the way businesses are done in reality. Companies also now provide various options such as flexible payment options, ease of doing business through smart search and prompt consumer support and above all doorstep delivery across the globe.

    Since the pandemic, a lot has changed in the business world and e-commerce has been at its peak. The lockdown helped so many online businesses thrive beyond expectation and imagination. Take Netflix and Amazon as a case study; they had over 7% percent increases in revenue. And in recent times, a lot of businesses have joined this progressive development. People’s need for goods and services is a constant part of life and gone are the days of endless strolling on the aisles of supermarkets searching for items you need as the same goal can be achieved just by scrolling through website pages and online stores.

    The pandemic also ushered in the time of the freelancers- individuals that provide their services to clients remotely. All these were made possible through the automated and flexible payment options provided by these platforms.

    Companies like Amazon, Alibaba and Walmart have dominated a large chunk of the e-commerce space especially as they are mostly the pioneers of this innovation.

    Several businesses can be done online but basically in three major forms; these are

    Business to Business (B2B): This model describes business transactions between two businesses. This can be observed between a manufacturer and a wholesaler;

    (b.) Business to Consumer (B2C): This happens when a business has a direct transaction with individuals/ consumers. Jumia and Netflix are good examples of this.

    (c.) Consumer to Consumer (C2C): This can be seen on platforms like Jiji and Ebay where consumers transact with other consumers to provide a service.

    E-commerce has provided business growth and a lot of opportunities for the society in general. The use of websites, automated tools and payment options have provided opportunities for our tech companies. UI/UX designers, front end and back end developers can offer their services via e-commerce. E-commerce also stimulated growth in other sectors such as packaging, branding and logistics.

    In Nigeria, companies like Jumia and Konga pioneered the online business ushering in a new market that has thrived over the years. Jumia has grown to be among the biggest companies offering online transactions. Jumia was founded in 2012 and in 2016, Jumia was valued at a whooping sum of 1 billion US dollars and this unprecedented growth was achieved by providing online solutions to millions of Africans.

    Presently, Nigerians have adopted e-commerce for almost everything for both returning and potential customers. Nigerians can be resourceful when it comes to things like this. People now use their social media accounts to promote and represent their brands. Below are some practices commonly observed in Nigerian e-commerce/online space.

    ‘WHAT YOU ORDERED vs. WHAT YOU GOT’

    This is a colloquialism among Nigerians and has become the subject of various memes, jokes and online banters. It is now common practice to go to an e-commerce website or social media posts of various service providers including dropshippers , choose a particular item only to be supplied an inferior, dud or entirely different thing from what you ordered. Most online vendors are guilty of this practice, making it difficult for genuine suppliers out there to render services or provide goods.

    The quest to make quick cash without considering sustainability and customer satisfaction has overshadowed the reasoning of many online vendors. People steal pictures of high quality items and display on their websites/accounts but will supply a dud. Some vendors intentionally mislead people just to get traffic on their pages while also swindling consumers of their hard earned money.

    Service providers are not left out as some of them provide shoddy services because why would anyone claim to be a professional, charge a high rate in that regard and show gross incompetence when their acclaimed services are requested by clients?

    EXORBITANT PRICES 

    Some online stores/platforms and dropshippers always try to sell their wares at an unreasonably high price. Take some thrift business as an example; some can sell a piece of clothing purchased less than a thousand naira for as high as 6000 naira online to unsuspecting customers or should we term them victims? Mind you, this person may have no physical shop or pay utility bills for this business but may likely charge higher than someone with a walk-in store. This is rather a rip off than being smart in your business. Hair and clothing vendors take the hat for this as midrange (synthetic, blends, lower grade) wigs can be sold for the same price as high quality hairs.

    THE PROMO/ SALES SCAM 

    These unending promos and discount sales; “50/70% off, valentine sale, mother’s day sales, Easter promo, Christmas promo” have become the new cash cow for most online vendors and it seems to attract many unsuspecting individuals who think that they are buying something at a cheaper rate than what the actual price would have been without knowing that there was no actual reduction in the prices and there is also a possibility that the displayed prices are actually even higher than usual. Except if you know the previous price of a good or service, you cannot really determine if there was a price slash or not.

    INFLUENCERS AND CLASSISM

    Online business has degenerated into classism and ostentatious display of wealth. Popular faces and influencers have joined in promoting various brands making it look like you are at a loss if you are not using their products or buying from them even when these products are possibly overpriced or substandard. The mind is amazing because what they do is to continuously flash these products and services to their followers, fans and admirers who fall prey to their antics and purchase products they do not need or that can be a potential harm to them. A celebrity once claimed that she sells pap that aids in weight lose and others have also advertised one for weight gain. Then there’s the need to use the “three cameras phone” and look smug as android phones have become an avenue to “broke shame” people who do not have an iOS device. This goes on to show how uninformed many people have become because there are android devices highly priced over some iphone devices.

    FRAUDSTERS, E-HOOK UP AND KILLERS

    Fraudsters have infiltrated e-business platforms as an avenue to carry out their abominable crimes by prying on vendors, logistic companies and consumers to either defraud them of their goods and services or their money.

    Some ‘vendors’ never supply the products/services paid for while some ‘customers’ present fake evidence of payment. Back in the day when online businesses were still picking up, some e-businesses offered payment on delivery options in order to gain the trust of their potential clients and garner a customer base until goods got stolen, people started to disappear and got killed. A couple once ordered for an iphone and ended up murdering the messenger/delivery person. Recently, a dropshipper died in a hotel where she went to deliver her wares though the cause of her death remains sketchy and presumptive. These heinous crimes are cause for concern which has grossly affected online business dealings between consumers and vendors. Some vendors also capitalize on payment before delivery to send out inferior goods to their customers.

    On e-hook up, a chat leaked online some time ago with claims of a supposed cake vendor who was offering delivery options which could include spending the night with her supposed client if he would want her to stay the night and several other stories in that regard.

    E-commerce has come to stay in Nigeria and if done well with little to no hassles, a hitch free business environment will be created. People need to desist from the character of trying to cheat people out of their hard earned money every time.

    Businesses should be solidly built on transparency, fidelity and quality. E-commerce presents an exciting future for us all and we should take advantage of this. For now, as we are yet to get there, let us tread and trade carefully and also patronize only trusted and confirmed vendors for goods and services.

  • Packing for your journey

    Packing for your journey

    Does packing for your trip especially short travels come easy to you or does it give you sleepless nights like me?

    I am that person who never leaves anything I consider essential on a journey because I don’t want to wish I had taken it. I could pack two bags for a weekend; Too much right? Trust me I won’t be bothering my host for lot things besides water, a room to sleep in and food perhaps.

    The last time I wanted to make a 30-day journey, I think I developed a migraine trying to figure out what and what not to take. At some point I had to call a friend to come help repack my already packed bags and still, the amount of luggage I had made it look like I was relocating or something of that nature. I wanted all my essentials because I believe in having more than having less; I love being self sufficient but then dragging excess luggage will cost you more money and equal stress.

    Packing light is a universal rule and I am sure you have noticed how transport and logistics companies are always concerned about the weight of luggage a passenger has. For air travels, you have to check the maximum permissible weight and pack accordingly. Most people wear their heavier clothing to reduce weight and put the lighter ones in their travel bags. This also applies to road transport companies that weigh passenger luggage before boarding. With extra luggage, incurring extra charge for every extra kg above the allowable limit is unavoidable. Then again, you go through the arduous task of carrying this heavy luggage and risk having a back or general body ache by the time you arrive your destination.

    I know you would be wondering why I have decided to talk about something as trivial as packing but I will make bold to tell you that it is not always that simple/easy. Wait till you have to pack for a weekend, conference or business trip or even a vacation or relocation, especially out of Nigeria then you’d understand better.

    Packing is a common activity to all of us and totally unavoidable but how efficient are we at it? And then again, the season is upon us if you know what I mean.

    It’s that that time of the year when we travel to see our relatives and friends, attend events and go on vacations in a bid to cool off after a long year of work, toil and struggle.

    In this edition, we will be talking about a few tips that can help you put only vital and necessary items together for your journey. Here are a few tips:

    Make a list of items: This is a crucial step and your list should be as exhaustive and elaborate as possible. This is to enable you sort out/put together all you will need. It will also help you avoid leaving anything behind. I learnt this very tip from my younger sister when I was about going for my NYSC camping.

    Check and recheck every item before you pack them: This can help eliminate unnecessary items and create space for what is really needed.

    Avoid large suitcases or travel bags: The bigger the bag, the more things you’d like to take along with you because extra space gives more room for stuffs that may not be needed.

    If you are second guessing it, drop it! Remove items you are second guessing i.e. any ‘in case’ item should be dropped. Most of us are prone to over packing for every journey, especially ladies. Avoid any item that you take “just in case” because most of those items will neither leave your bags nor be used throughout your trip/stay. Most of those items are what occupy viable spaces that could have been taken up by things you actually needed or at least made your load lighter.

    Wears: Pack for the occasion you are attending and the weather. For instance, if you are packing for a week, take a change of about 5-6 shirts/tops should the need arise and you have no time to wash before wearing it again. However, if you can wash at your destination, by all means, take less.

    Pack neutral colored clothing if possible because they are easier to work with. Bright colored clothes give you a lot of options with over packing. Do not forget to pick a nightie and a possible event cloth if you are sure you’d be attending one.

    Underwears should be packed with the duration/length of the travel in mind and this is the one of the items that should have a “should in case” i.e an extra underwear is advised. Also make sure all underwears are packed together to conserve space easy to pick without scattering your bag.

    For men, socks should be enough for the number of days you will be away. Take a pair of shoes and slippers, a belt and a bag that can easily match your outfits.

    Take a swimwear only if you know you will use it. If you don’t need a cardigan, leave it behind.

    Rolling of clothes tend to help you conserve more space than plainly folding them but exceptions should be made for clothes that may need ironing especially if you are not sure of getting a pressing iron at your destination or even finding the time to iron your clothes before use.

    Fill up every space: Your shoes can help hold your socks at least. You can also opt for using smaller bags to partition and itemize your belongings as well as protect and hold them in place.

    Pack versatile footwears i.e., footwears that are comfortable and suitable for various occasions and can easily match other attires.

    Toiletries: These are soaps especially liquid, body lotions, shampoos, hair care products, deodorants and perfumes. All liquid items should preferably go into a Ziploc bag first before putting it in the main travel bag and take only what is needed. This is to avoid spillage and also aid accessibility. You can also use smaller containers to take the quantity required for the time you will be away so that the big containers don’t take up spaces that can be used for other things.

    Some ladies have a lot of liquid toiletries ranging from liquid soaps, body lotions and perfumes.

    Your oral care kit should go here too.

    Another option to make packing these items easier is by getting smaller bottles/containers of/for them or getting solid toiletries.

    Gadgets: Laptops, chargers, tablets, phones, headphones, extension boxes and power banks should be carefully packed to avoid manhandling as these devices have become part of our everyday lives that we can barely do without them.

    If you are traveling to a place with unstable power supply, it would be nice to travel with a power bank for your phone and maybe an extra battery for your laptop especially if you are travelling within your motherland.

    For safety purposes, put them all in one place, preferably, a hand luggage which will not leave your sight throughout your journey. That same bag can also hold your wallet/purse/passports/cardholder etc or you might want to put it in a smaller bag that will be accessible to you at all times too. Avoid putting this bag amongst other luggage or in a car trunk.

    Finally, maintain situational awareness at all times. Pay attention to your luggage to avoid stories that touch the heart and the pain of being stranded in a strange land for a journey you took extra time to prepare for. Limit your screen time, reduce your audio volumes if you have a headset or an earpiece or earbuds on; this helps you to be mindful of your environment and also keep an eye out most importantly if you are on the road.

    Please be careful out there and stay safe. I wish you safe travels!

    Wishing you a merry Christmas and a happy new year.

    See you in 2023! Salud!

    Disclaimer!

    All pictures above were sourced from the internet. I have no rights to them. They were all used for the purpose of illustration only.

  • Traditional Attires in Nigeria

    Traditional Attires in Nigeria

    By Chidinma Prisca Elebe 

    Decades ago, people had always worn outfits trending in the western world especially with the influence of colonization. The elites that first received formal education with their ties and suites were the envy of everyone because of their exotic outfits and everyone followed the trend. This became popular leaving an impression on the younger generation. Various workplaces and schools adopted and accepted these western outfits as their official mode of dressing. The recent increase in globalization has also led to cultural integration and evolution making us to prefer other people’s indigenous attires to our own.
    Recently, there has been a cultural awareness especially with the media promoting our culture, although it can also be attributed to the use of better cameras and ingenious styling of the traditional fabric making it to look more appealing and attractive. Another reason might be the modeling of these outfits by celebrities and prominent members of the society. Truth be told, there is no one else in a better position to promote our culture than us.

    In Nigeria, we have various kinds of traditional outfits that show the richness in our culture but the appeal of these outfits starts from our sense of fashion and style to the fabrics these outfits are made from. These traditional outfits can be made with the Abada/Ankara fabric (the most popular African textile) or a traditional lace, tie and dye (tie-die) in the North, the stripped monochrome in Benue i.e. North-central, the white top and George from the South-south, Ashoke/Asoke from the South-west etc.

    Many types of traditional attires are worn for various occasions and can also reveal the identity (tribe, culture, country) of the person clad in them.

    SOME POPULAR TRADITIONAL WEARS IN NIGERIA

    Agbada: A lot of people believe that the agbada attire can be traced to the Yoruba culture but it has been said to have also originated from the trading groups such as the Berbers, Tuaregs due the trans-Saharan trade. The loose fitting and voluminous attire was ideal for riding horses and serves as protection from the elements. It wasn’t long before the attire became a status symbol especially among the nobles. The agbada attire is common to various African countries such as Mauritania, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Mali, etc. It can be made from heavy fabrics such as the Northern weave (Aso Oke) or lighter materials like cotton. In Nigeria, the Hausa tribe also calls it “babariga” and it is presently worn by different people cutting across tribes and culture. The agbada attire is a four piece clothing made up of the following:

    Awosoke: The outer part that is free flowing usually reaching the ankle or knee, sometimes people opt for the waist length with rectangular embroidery in front.

    Awotele: The under shirt with a loose fitting worn under the awosoke. This shirt can be long sleeves or short sleeves although a lot of people prefer the long sleeve nowadays.

    Sokoto/ Shokoto: This is the trousers/ pants of the outfit which is worn without a belt because the waist is usually secured by a draw-string. The trouser can be loose fitting or tight depending on the preference of the wearer.

    Fila: This is the cap or head gear used to complete the agbada ensemble. There are different kinds of cap such as the abetiaja, the gobi, the hat with flaps at both sides and a round hat.

    This outfit has evolved so much that even the female folks wear them too. Besides the rich embroidery it is adorned with, it can also be accessorized with traditional caps, beads, shoes and staff. Agbada can be a striking attire when worn with style, it represents the African greatness and diversity.

    Ishiagu: This is pure Igbo attire worn by traditional rulers and sometimes their Lolo (spouses). The fabric was also initially associated with status symbol because it was worn by accomplished Igbo men. This outfit is usually made from a heavy suede material with lion heads patterned all over the fabric. It can be styled using rich culture beads, staff, offor, hand fan and variety of caps (the red or the striped cap) for the men. It can be worn over a trouser or wrapper as the case maybe. This attire exudes confidence, strength and pride just like the lion imprinted on the fabric.

    Aso Oke: This is mostly found among the Yoruba tribe. The fabric is usually hand woven and worn by wealthy people. This can be observed from the translation of its name “top cloth” meaning cloth of high status. It can be used to make different outfits ranging from tops (buba), wrapper (iro), baggy trousers, agbada and headgear (gele). This fabric is so rich that it has become a popular fashion piece among Nigerian ladies in general.

    Gele: This is a type of headgear usually worn by ladies as a large headscarf/headtie. It is worn by women across western and Southern Africa. Yoruba ladies also use it across the shoulder as part of their style. It is an elaborate fashion accessory targeted at making statement by women in ceremonies especially in Nigeria. They are worn to church services, wedding ceremonies, naming ceremonies, funerals, chieftaincy celebrations and other festivals. They cover the head and sometimes, the ears are tucked under with just the face and earrings showing.

    Etibo: This traditional attire is predominant in the southern part of Nigeria especially the Niger-Delta. The former Nigerian head of state, President Goodluck Ebele Jonathan made this attire very popular during his tenure as the president. This attire originally comprises of a white shirt worn over a wrapper but in recent times, people wear them over a pair of trousers. Etibo is no longer restricted to just a white traditional top. It has metamorphosed into a variety of colors too. Women wear them as just gowns or skirt or over trousers/ shorts/ leggings. It is styled using accessories like jewelries, cufflinks, staff, walking stick, hats or caps, shoes, sandals, neck and hand beads etc. This outfit is quite trendy and popular among Nigerian men and can be made from varieties of fabrics such as cashmere, cotton or Ankara etc.

    This outfit makes every Nigerian man glamorous and brings out every ounce of masculinity worthy of admiration.

    THE BENUE MONOCHROME ATTIRES: The most popular outfit of the Benue people is the black and white monochrome of the Tiv tribe but there are also other beautiful varieties of this monochrome attires ranging from the blue and black of the Igede tribe to the red/ox blood and black for the Idoma tribe respectively. These attires showcase the uniqueness and diversity of Benue State.

    MUDUKARE: This is a beautiful white outfit designed with red, blue and green embroidery although there are other variations now. It is typically made into a sleeveless top and worn over a wrapper or trouser. It is also accompanied by beads and bracelets and a headgear. It is worn by the Fulani tribe from the northern part of Nigeria, Senegal, guinea etc. A Fulani bride always dazzles in the mudukare attire owing to the vibrant colours and radiating beauty.

    THE ANKARA FABRIC/ PRINT: The Abada/Ankara fabric is a versatile material that represents Africa at large but various prints depict different countries and their style. Bringing it home to Nigeria, this fabric can be used to make different styles of outfits ranging from the simple to the luxurious which can be worn in official settings, wedding ceremonies, funerals, schools and as casual wears too.

    We can take home a few lessons from this eye opening piece.

    Nigeria is made up of diverse ethnic groups and highly multicultural. Some states have more than one ethnic groups and subgroups.

    The dynamic nature of traditions and culture also contributes to changes in fashion and attires that are culturally acceptable i.e. in years to come, traditional attires might be different from the current trend.

    These attires are rich, colorful and symbolize our African heritage.
    Our choice of traditional attires were influenced by our early contact with the Europeans (e.g the etibo) and interactions with other tribes (e.g the agbada from the trans-saharan/sahelian traders).

    Finally, these traditional attires have become popular and can be worn by people of different class, age and gender. Traditional attire showcases the richness of our diverse culture. It can also serve as a form of cultural identity or fashion statement. However, the dexterity and sense of style by Nigerian fashion designers have given more life and appeal to traditional attire.

    It is quite important and gracious to wear any of these attires and improve its effect on the economy by patronizing our own, having an effect on the chain of distribution from the fabric vendors to the tailors/ designers/ stylists.

    Nigeria is a country rich in cultural diversity and the above listed attires are just a few that have found its way into the mainstream media. Our traditional wears are quite numerous and cannot be exhausted in one sitting.

    Be proud of your heritage and look the part!

  • How to Mix and Match Colours

    How to Mix and Match Colours

    By Chidinma Prisca Elebe

    If you are in the category of persons that are scared to buy colourful clothes, or you are among those who only fill their wardrobe with neutral colours, then I am here to tell you that you can do better and you have absolutely nothing to be scared of, or anything to be skeptical about! You can still stand out and turn heads with those daring colours, and your choice off combination can go a long way to save the day. And yes, you can still slay on a budget.

    Now lets dive into it.

    There are a few things that can guide the choice of colours you choose to wear on a good day. For me, it ranges from my skin shade, the weather, the occasion I am dressing up for and my mood (yeah, it pretty much works like that).

    Colour combinations for your outfit is more of a science (not rocket science anyway) due to a key component known as the colour wheel.

    The colour wheel was invented by Sir Isaac Newton when he passed visible light through a glass prism. These colours that were observed are represented in a circle and this colour wheel is universal with anything that has to do with colours ranging from artists to fashion designers; it serves as a reliable colour guideline. The colours in the wheel can be categorized as follows:

    PRIMARY COLOURS: In this group we have yellow, red and blue. These are the root colours, hence the title primary which means that other colours come from the primary colours and no two colours when mixed together can give rise to these colours.

    SECONDARY COLOURS: These colours are derived by mixing the primary colours, e.g. a combination of red and yellow gives orange, white and red gives pink etc.

    TERTIARY COLOURS: The colours in this group can be realized by a combination of primary and secondary colours. Colours like aqua and mint colours are found here.

    In order to make colours blend properly when combining an outfit, we can use the principles behind the colour wheel. It can help you play with colours that are bold and get away with it while appearing dashing.

    COMPLEMENTARY COLOURS 

    Colours that are opposite each other in the colour wheel can be combined, e.g. blue and orange. These colours can contrast each other as orange will appear brighter when combined with blue. It is necessary to ensure that one colour dominates the other, i.e. you can match it with your accessories. It takes confidence to pull off these bold colour combination and trust me, it is totally worth the risk.

    ANALOGOUS COLOURS 

    This involves combining colours that are close to each other in the colour wheel. These combinations are perfectly suitable because they blend seamlessly and can be eye catching and stylish when properly put together. For example, blue + a lighter shade of blue, also bear in mind that one colour will definitely dominate the other for this to work properly.

    MONOCHROMATIC COLOURS

    Monochrome outfits have always been trendy because of its uniqueness and style. It involves combining darker and lighter hues of a particular colour. For example, the regular black and white- this colour combination is both classy and simple to pull off. In addition, when you are still not too confident about wearing various colours (especially bold colours), you can cautiously combine neutral shades with other colours such as gray, ash, khaki, white and black with their various shades as they can practically go with any colour.

    Other factors that can affect your choice of colours may include:

    SKIN TONE: Remember your skin tone can greatly affect the colours you wear e.g. fair people can easily pull off darker colours while dark people can wear brighter colours.

    OCCASION/EVENT: The occasion can also dictate what you wear. You don’t want to appear for a funeral wearing a pitchy pink or neon lemon because it would seem a bit out of place.

    WEATHER: Now this is a very vital factor especially for those of us from the tropics (Oh, that sun!). You don’t want to wear a very dark colour under the scorching sun because the heat gets more drawn to you than it would to a person who is putting on a bright colour on a sunny day. And my dear, we know you don’t want all that heat/ sweat dripping all over you.

    Note that these criteria are not exhaustive and with all that said, style is key! How you choose to rock your outfit pretty much says a lot about you, it’s all about expressing yourself. You can always wear whatever colour you like or feel comfortable in but be mindful to the need to combine correctly.